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| fleet_size = 718 (mainline only) | destinations = 375 | company_slogan = ''Fly the Friendly Skies'' | parent = United Continental Holdings | headquarters = Willis Tower, Chicago, Illinois, USA | key_people = Oscar Munoz, President & CEO〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United Airlines Names Oscar Munoz Chief Executive Officer )〕 Brett J. Hart acting CEO〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://newsroom.united.com/2015-10-19-Brett-J-Hart-Named-Acting-CEO-of-United-Airlines-President-and-CEO-Oscar-Munoz-to-Take-Medical-Leave )〕 Henry L. Meyer III, Chairman〔 | revenue = US$ 38.901 billion (2014)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United Continental Holdings Annual Report 2015 )〕 | operating_income = US$ 2.373 billion (2014)〔 | net_income = US$ 1.132 billion (2014)〔 | assets = US$ 37.353 billion (2014)〔 | equity = US$ 2.396 billion (2014)〔 |num_employees = 84,000 (2015)〔 |website = (united.com ) }} United Airlines, Inc., commonly referred to as United, is a major American airline headquartered in Chicago, Illinois.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United Mainline Fleet (Refresh for latest) - The United Airlines Fleet Website )〕〔(Destinations Served ). United Airlines Official Statistics. Copyright 2013.〕 It is the world's largest airline when measured by number of destinations served. United operates a comprehensive domestic and international route network, and has significant presence in the Asia-Pacific region. In the late 1920s, just prior to the use of the United Airlines name, The Boeing Company, currently one of the world's largest aircraft manufacturers, operated a predecessor airline. United is a founding member of Star Alliance, the world's first and largest global airline alliance. Regional service is operated by independent carriers under the brand name United Express. Its main competitors are American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and Southwest Airlines. United operates out of nine airline hubs located in Houston, Chicago, Newark/New York, Denver, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Los Angeles, Guam, and Tokyo.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Airport Fact Sheets )〕 George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston is United's largest passenger carrying hub handling 16.6 million passengers annually with an average of 45,413 passengers daily, while Chicago-O'Hare is its largest hub in terms of daily departures. The company employs over 88,500 people while maintaining its headquarters in Chicago's Willis Tower (formerly known as Sears Tower).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Willis Tower: 233 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, 60606 )〕 Through the airline's parent company, United Continental Holdings, it is publicly traded under with a market capitalization of over $18 billion as of September, 2014. ==History== (詳細はVarney Air Lines air mail service of Walter Varney, who also founded Varney Speed Lines, from which Continental Airlines had originated. Founded in Boise, Idaho in 1926, the carrier flew the first Contract Air Mail flight in the U.S. on April 6, 1926, marking the first scheduled airline service in the country's history. In 1927, aviation pioneer William Boeing founded his own airline, Boeing Air Transport to operate the San Francisco to Chicago air mail route,〔Davies ''Air Enthusiast'' January/February 2007, pp. 66–67.〕 and began buying other airmail carriers including Varney Airlines.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/ual-corporation-history/ )〕 In 1929, Boeing merged his company with Pratt & Whitney to form the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation (UATC).〔Davies ''Air Enthusiast'' January/February 2007, p. 74.〕 In 1933, United began operating the Boeing 247,〔Davies ''Air Enthusiast'' March/April 2007, p. 71.〕 the first all-metal airliner. It was able to fly a transcontinental flight in 20 hours, making it significantly faster than its predecessors. After passage of the Air Mail Act in 1934, UATC separated into United Aircraft (the future United Technologies), the Boeing Airplane Company and United Air Lines.〔Davies ''Air Enthusiast'' March/April 2007, pp. 72–73.〕 After World War II, United gained from a boom in customer demand for air travel, with its revenue per passenger-miles jumping five-fold in the 1950s, and continued growth occurring through the next two decades.〔Handbook of Airline Statistics (biannual CAB publication)〕 In 1954 United Airlines became the first airline to purchase modern flight simulators which had visual, sound and motion cues for training pilots. Purchased for 3 million (1954) from Curtiss-Wright, these were the first of today's modern flight simulators for training of commercial passenger aircraft pilots.〔("Airline Pilots Fly Anywhere in the world – Without Leaving the Ground." ) ''Popular Mechanics'', August 1954, p. 87.〕 United merged with Capital Airlines in 1961 and regained its position as the United States' largest airline. In 1968, the company reorganized, creating UAL Corporation, with United Airlines as a wholly owned subsidiary. In 1970, the UAL Corporation acquired Western International Hotels, and its name was later changed to Westin Hotel Company. The 1970s also saw economic turmoil, resulting in "stagflation" and labor unrest. The 1978 Airline Deregulation Act, resulting in industry shakeups, further added to the carrier's difficulties in a loss-making period.〔 In 1982, United became the first carrier to operate the Boeing 767, taking its first delivery of 767-200s on August 19.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.boeing.com/commercial/767family/pf/pf_milestones.html )〕 In May 1985, the airline underwent a 29-day pilot strike over management's proposed "B-scale" pilot pay rates. Then-company CEO Richard Ferris changed United's parent company's name from UAL Corporation to Allegis in February 1987, but following his termination, the company reverted to the name UAL Corp. in May 1988, and divested non-airline properties.〔"(United's Parent Is Again UAL )." ''The New York Times''.〕〔"United Once More." ''TIME''. (2 )〕 In 1985, United expanded dramatically by purchasing Pan Am's entire Pacific Division, giving it a prime Asian hub at Tokyo's Narita International Airport, and in 1991 purchased routes to London Heathrow Airport from ailing Pan Am, making it one of two US carriers permitted exclusive access to Heathrow under Bermuda II until "open skies" took effect in 2008 (American Airlines being the other, after it purchased TWA's Heathrow landing slots). The aftermath of the Gulf War and increased competition from low-cost carriers led to losses in 1991 and 1992.〔 In 1994, United's pilots, machinists, bag handlers and non-contract employees agreed to an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), acquiring 55% of company stock in exchange for 15–25% salary concessions, making the carrier the largest employee-owned corporation in the world. The carrier also launched a low-cost subsidiary in 1994, Shuttle by United a high frequency, west coast-based operation, in an attempt to compete with low-cost carriers; the subsidiary remained in operation until 2001.〔 In 1995, United became the first airline to introduce the Boeing 777 in commercial service.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777family/background.html )〕 In 1997, United co-founded the ''Star Alliance'' airline partnership. In May 2000, United announced a planned billion acquisition of US Airways, but withdrew the offer in July 2001 before the United States Department of Justice barred the merger on antitrust grounds.〔 May 2000 also saw a bitter contract dispute between United and its pilots' union over pay cuts and concessions to fund the ESOP and overtime work, causing summer flight cancellations until a salary increase was agreed upon. During the September 11, 2001 attacks, two of the four airliners hijacked and crashed by al-Qaeda members were United Airlines aircraft (United Airlines Flight 175 was flown into the south World Trade Center tower; United Airlines Flight 93 was crashed in a field in Pennsylvania after the passengers fought back against the hijackers). An airline industry downturn resulted, and coupled with economic difficulties, skyrocketing oil prices, and higher labor costs, the company lost billion in 2001. In the same year United applied for a billion loan guarantee from the federal Air Transportation Stabilization Board established in the wake of the September 11 attacks. After attempts to secure additional capital failed, UAL Corporation filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in December 2002 and the ESOP was terminated. United's bankruptcy operations resulted in furloughing thousands of workers, closing all U.S. city ticket offices, cancelling several existing and planned routes, downsizing its Miami operations, closing maintenance bases, replacing employee pensions, and fleet reductions. The carrier also negotiated cost cuts with employees, suppliers, and contractors, and terminated feeder contracts with United Express carriers Atlantic Coast Airlines and Air Wisconsin. The carrier launched a new, all coach, low-cost carrier named Ted in 2003, and a luxury "p.s." (for "premium service") coast-to-coast service on re-configured 757s in 2004. In 2005, United cancelled its pension plan in the largest such default in U.S. corporate history.〔 In 2005, United announced it had raised billion in financing to exit bankruptcy and filed its Plan of Reorganization, as announced, on September 7, 2005. United Airlines emerged from bankruptcy on February 1, 2006.〔(【引用サイトリンク】website=USATODAY )〕 In late 2006, Continental Airlines participated in preliminary merger discussions with United.〔〔"(UAL, Continental Discuss Merger As AirTran Presses Bid for Midwest )." Carey, S.; Trottman, M.; Berman, D. K. ''The Wall Street Journal''. December 13, 2006.〕〔"(United and Continental Discussing Possible Merger )." Sorkin, A. R. and Bailey, J. ''The New York Times''. December 12, 2006.〕 On June 4, 2008, United announced it would close its Ted unit and reconfigure the subsidiary's aircraft for a return to mainline configuration. On April 16, 2010, United resumed merger talks with Continental Airlines. (The two airlines had previously discussed merging in 2008.) The board of directors of both Continental and UAL Corporation's United Airlines reached an agreement to combine operations on May 2, 2010. The combined carrier would use the United Airlines name, but keep Continental's logo and livery. Continental's CEO Jeff Smisek would head the new company. The merger was contingent upon shareholder and regulatory approval. The United-Continental merger was approved by the European Commission in July 2010 and by the US Justice Department on August 27, 2010. On September 17, 2010, United's shareholders approved the merger deal with Continental Airlines. On October 1, 2010, the UAL Corporation changed its name to United Continental Holdings, Inc. to reflect that both United Air Lines, Inc. (“United”) and the Company ("Continental") are its wholly owned subsidiaries. Both carriers planned to begin merging operations in 2011 to form the world's biggest carrier. The airline received a single operating certificate from the FAA on November 30, 2011, in the process retaining Continental's air operator's certificate, and surrendering the one of the original United. On March 3, 2012, United & Continental merged their passenger service systems, frequent-flier programs, and websites, virtually eliminating the Continental brand in the eye of the consumer. In October 2015, United Airlines appointed Brett J. Hart as its acting CEO, four days after chief executive Oscar Munoz suffered a heart attack. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United Airlines」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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